Finelo Blog
Learn investing and trading, one article at a time. Practical guides, beginner-friendly explainers, and learning tips from the Finelo team.
Johnson & Johnson Agreed to Pay $5.5 Billion. Its Stock Went UP. Here's Why That's Not Crazy.
J&J will pay an estimated $5.5 billion to settle decades of talc lawsuits — and its stock rose on the news. The reason teaches one of the most important lessons in investing: markets fear uncertainty more than bad news.
Immediate or Cancel Order: How IOC Orders Work in Trading
Learn what an immediate or cancel (IOC) order is, how it differs from FOK and GTC orders, and when traders use it. Includes examples and a decision framework.
Gross Margin vs Net Margin: Understanding the Key Differences
Gross margin shows the share of revenue left after the direct costs of producing what a company sells. Net margin shows what remains after every expense: operating costs, interest, and taxes. Comparing gross margin vs…
Float vs Shares Outstanding: Understanding the Key Differences
Shares outstanding is the total number of shares a company has issued to all holders, including insiders and institutions. Float is the smaller subset actually available for public trading, after locked-up and…
ETF Tax Efficiency: What Investors Need to Know
ETF tax efficiency comes down to structure. Exchange-traded funds rarely pass capital gains distributions to shareholders. In a taxable account, you mostly pay tax only when you sell your own shares, at your own time…
ETF Premiums and Discounts: What They Mean for Your Trades
An ETF premium or discount is the gap between the fund's market price and the value of what it owns. When the share price sits above the fund's net asset value (NAV) per share, the ETF trades at a premium. When the…
ETF Liquidity: How It Really Works and How to Judge It
Understand ETF liquidity: the two layers of trading, why volume alone misleads, how spreads work, and how to trade ETFs efficiently.
Enterprise Value vs Market Cap: Understanding the Key Differences
Market cap measures the value of a company's equity: share price multiplied by shares outstanding. Enterprise value measures the cost of the whole business: market cap plus debt, minus cash. In the enterprise value vs…
Earnings Per Share: Understanding Its Importance and Calculation
Earnings per share (EPS) tells you how much profit a company generated for each share of its common stock. You calculate it by taking net income, subtracting preferred dividends, and dividing by the weighted average…
Dividend Growth Rate: How to Calculate It and Why It Matters
Learn how to calculate the dividend growth rate, read it alongside yield and payout ratio, and use it to judge dividend stocks.
Direct Listing vs IPO: How Companies Go Public Two Different Ways
Compare direct listings and IPOs: pricing, underwriters, lockups, capital raising, and what each path means for everyday investors.
Diagonal Spread: How the Strategy Works (with Example)
A diagonal spread buys a longer-dated option and sells a nearer-dated option at a different strike. Learn how call and put diagonals are built, why max profit is undefined, and how they compare to vertical and calendar spreads.
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